The pumping head determination procedure for the “open” tower piping loop differs from the conventional “closed” loop piping circuit used for most Hydronic (Heat-cool) applications. The difference concerns consideration of “open” loop static heads.
The closed loop circuit has no need for consideration of static heads for pump selection because of a balance or cancellation of static heads between the supply and return risers. Static head lost by water flow to any height in the supply piping is cancelled by a static head “regain” as water flows down the return piping. The only pump head requirement for the “closed” loop is that due to flow-friction pressure drop; static heights are not considered.
The cooling tower circuit differs slightly from the basic “open” circuit in that the discharge piping is connected directly to a distribution basin. Some towers are furnished with a distribution manifold with nozzles which require additional pressure.
For the tower piping circuit, the pump must overcome the piping flow friction loss; piping, condenser, cooling tower losses, and valves. It must also provide the energy head necessary to raise water from a low to a higher static head level.
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